"Value differences between nations ... from centuries ago are still present today. For the next few hundred years at least, countries will remain culturally diverse." G. Hofstede & G.J. Hofstede
Training is most effective for an overview and preparation for the cultural-related issues that you may be facing at work. You may be on assignment in another country for a specified period of time. You may be interacting sometimes with your counterparts in the other country. The training program can give you a jump start in developing the right mind set when dealing with the other culture. Training is often followed up by coaching depending on your needs.
Example: A U.S.-based global NGO deals extensively with China. It frequently sends experts to China for short to mid term assignments. Prior to their departure, cross-cultural training is conducted to prepare the assignees for their time in China. Additionally, follow-up training or coaching can be conducted at three month, six month and one year intervals to ensure a smooth transition. The result is reduced stress caused by culture shock and better overall performance.